Teratogenicity and hyperprolactinemia

Teratogenicity and Teratogenic Factors

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: AEDs: Antiepileptic Drugs; ARBDs: AlcoholRelated Birth Defects; Cd: Cadmium; Dex: Dexamethasone; FAS: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome; GA: Glatiramer Acetate; KT: Ketoconazole; MQ: Mefloquine; MS: Multiple Sclerosis; NO: Nitrous Oxide; NP: Nonylphenol; PTH: Sodium Phenytoin; RA; Retinoic Acid; RA; Rheumatoid Arthritis; SM: Sulfur Mustard; VPA:...

Valproate teratogenicity and epilepsy syndrome.

Maternal valproate (VPA) use is associated with a significant risk for congenital malformations in the exposed fetus. Since VPA is commonly used in epilepsy syndromes with a presumed genetic cause (idiopathic epilepsies), it is possible that maternal genetic background contributes to this outcome. We reviewed responses to telephone questionnaires and medical records, when available, of enrollee...

Diagnosis and management of hyperprolactinemia.

Prolactin is a pituitary hormone that plays a pivotal role in a variety of reproductive functions. Hyperprolactinemia is a common condition that can result from a number of causes, including medication use and hypothyroidism as well as pituitary disorders. Depending on the cause and consequences of the hyperprolactinemia, selected patients require treatment. The underlying cause, sex, age and r...

Hyperprolactinemia and Negative Sellar Imaging

Hyperprolactinemia and infertility: new insights.

Clinical vignette: A 29-year-old woman is referred for management of infertility. After menarche at age 12, menses occurred irregularly for a year and then became regular. She initiated use of oral contraceptive pills at the age of 18, then stopped at age 27 to try to conceive. Evaluation revealed hyperprolactinemia with serum prolactin of 90 ng/ml; pituitary MRI showed a 6-mm microadenoma. Oth...